Ôn thi vào lớp 10 chuyên đề Câu điều kiện tiếng Anh – VnDoc.com

Tài liệu Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh về Câu Điều Kiện – Conditional Sentences dưới đây nằm trong bộ đề thi vào lớp 10 môn Tiếng Anh theo từng chuyên đề Ngữ pháp do VnDoc.com sưu tầm và đăng tải. Tài liệu Tiếng Anh gồm toàn bộ Lý thuyết Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh về cấu trúc 3 loại câu điều kiện Tiếng Anh khác nhau và nhiều dạng bài tập khác nhau giúp các em học sinh lớp 9 củng cố kiến thức đã học hiệu quả.

Xem thêm: Bộ đề thi tuyển sinh lớp 10 môn Anh năm 2023 – 2024

A. Cấu trúc câu điều kiện tiếng Anh ôn thi vào 10

1. Type 1: điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

If clause

Main clause

S + V1 / V s(es)

(don’t / doesn’t + V1)

S + will / can/ may + V1

(won’t / can’t + V1)

2. Type 2: điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại

If clause

Main clause

S + V-ed / V2

(didn’t + V1)

To be: were / weren’t

S + would / could / should + V1

(wouldn’t / couldn’t + V1)

3. Type 3: điều kiện không có thật trong quá khứ

If clause

Main clause

S + had + P.P

(hadn’t + P.P)

S + would / could / should + have + P.P

(wouldn’t / couldn’t + have + P.P)

4. Những cách khác để diễn đạt câu điều kiện:

a. Unless = If ….not

If you don’t work hard, you can’t earn enough money for your living.

= Unless –

b. Without: không có = if … not

Without water, life wouldn’t exist.

= If –

Note:

1. Có thể diễn tả câu điều kiện mà không cần dùng if hay unless bằng cách đảo ngữ.

Were I rich, I would help you.

= If I were rich, I would help you.

Had I known her, I would have made friend with her.

= If I had known her, I would have made friend with her.

2. Có thể kết hợp điều kiện 2 và điều kiện 3 trong một câu.

If I hadn’t stayed up late last night, I wouldn’t be so tired now.

You wouldn’t be so hungry if you had had breakfast this morning.

3. Đôi khi thì hiện tại đơn được dùng cho cả hai mệnh đề của câu điều kiện để diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên; nó được gọi là zero conditional.

If we don’t water these flowers, they die.

4. Mệnh đề chính trong câu điều kiện loại 1 có thể là một câu đề nghị hoặc lời mời.

If you see Peter at the meeting, please tell him to return my book.

If you are free now, have a cup of coffee with me.

. Đổi từ if sang unless:

IF

UNLESS

Khẳng định

Khẳng định (động từ trong mệnh đề chính đổi sang phủ định)

Phủ định

Khẳng định (mệnh đề chính không thay đổi)

Ex: If we had more rain, our crops would grow faster.

Unless –

If she doesn’t work harder, she will fail the exam.

Unless –

6. Dạng câu: Mệnh lệnh + or + Clause

– If you don’t + V1, Clause

– If you aren’t + …, Clause

Ex: Be careful or you will cut yourself. If –

Go away or I will call the police. If –

B. Bài tập câu điều kiện tiếng Anh có đáp án

I. Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không thay đổi

1. She doesn’t live in London because she doesn’t know anyone there

If ……………………………………………………………….

2. I don’t have a spare ticket. I can’t take you to the concert

If I …………………………………………………………………

3. The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn’t grow.

If the children ………………………………………………………..

4. They don’t understand the problem. They won’t find a solution

If they …………………………………………………………….

5. Carol didn’t answer the phone because she was studying..

If Carol ……………………………………………………

6. Rita is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night.

If Rita ………………………………………………………

7. He can’t park near his office; that’s why he doesn’t come by car

If he ……………………………………………………..

8. The flats are not clearly numbered, so it is very difficult to find anyone.

If the flats …..………………………………………………………..

9. I don’t know her e-mail address, so I can’t tell you

If I …………………………………………………………………….

10. She works in the evening. She has no time to play with her children

If she ………………………………………………………………….

11. He doesn’t see the signal so he doesn’t stop his car

If he ………………………………………………………………….

12. Peter gets bad marks because he doesn’t prepare his lessons well

If Peter ………………………………………………………………

13. Mary doesn’t have enough money. She can’t buy a new car.

If Mary ………………………………………………………………

II. Choose the correct answer.

1. I would have visited you before if there _____ quite a lot of people in your house.

A. hadn’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D. wasn’t

2. If you had caught the bus, you _____ late for work.

A. wouldn’t have been B. would have been C. wouldn’t be D. would be

3. If I _____, I would express my feelings.

A. were asked B. would ask C. had been asked D. asked

4. If _____ as I told her, she would have succeeded.

A. she has done B. she had done C. she does D. she did

5. Will you be angry if I _____ your pocket dictionary?

A. stole B. have stolen C. were to steal D. steal

6. You made a mistake by telling her a lie. It _____ better if you _____ to her.

A. would have been / hadn’t lied B. would be / didn’t lie

C. will be / don’t lie D. would be / hadn’t lied

7. John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that business.

A. would invest B. invested C. had invested D. invests

8. She wouldn’t have given them all that money if we _____ her to.

A. wouldn’t advise B. won’t advise C. hadn’t advised D. didn’t advise

9. If the tree hadn’t been so high, he _____ it up to take his kite down.

A. could have climbed B. climb C. is climbing D. climbed

10. If the wall weren’t so high, he _____ it up to take his ball down.

A. climbed B. could climb C. is climbing D. climb

11. If I _____ her phone number, I _____ her last night

A. had known / could have phoned B. knew / would have phoned

C. know / can phone D. knew / could phone

12. If he ______ the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him.

A. tells B. told C. had told D. would tell

13. If you press that button what _____?

A. would happen B. would have happened

C. will happen D. happen

14. I am very thin. I think, if I _____ smoking, I might get fat.

A. stop B. had stopped C. will stop D. stopped

15. If I _____ that yesterday, I _____ them.

A. had discovered / would inform

B. had discovered / would have informed

C. had discovered / could inform

D. discovered / can inform

16. If you _______ to the course regularly, they ________ a certificate last year.

A. go / gave B. go / give

C. had gone / would have given D. went / would give

17. I think he is not at home. If he _____ in, he ______ the phone.

A. was / answered B. were / would answer

C. were / would have answered D.had been / would have answered

18. If I ______ in London now, I could visit British Museum.

A. were B. had been C. have been D. would be

19. If you didn’t wear shabby clothes, you _______ more good-looking.

A. will be B. would be C. would have been D. can be

20. If your hair _______ grey now, what ______ you ________?

A. went / would / do B. goes / would /do

C. had gone / would/do D. had gone / would have / done

21. If I ________ an Angel, I would try to make happy all the children.

A. am B. have been C. were D. had been

22. John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that business.

23. What (you / say) ___________ if I offered you a job?

24. The children always (get) ___________ frightened if they watch horror films

25. If it (not be) _____________ for you, I would be late

26. I can’t help feeling sorry for the hungry children. If only there (be) __________ peace in the world

27. Were I to become president, my first act (be) __________ to help the poor

28. If he (listen) _____________ to his father’s advice, he would still be working here.

29. If she hadn’t stayed up late last night, she (not / be) ____________ tired now.

30. If he (have) _______________free time, he will go swimming.

31. Don’t go out if the wind (be) __________________ strong.

32. If you (heat) ___________ice, it (turn) ___________into water.

III. Fill in the correct form of the verb in brackets !

1. If Anne’s father gets seriously ill, they ____________________ (BRING) him to the hospital.

2. If I ____________________ (BE) you I would pay more attention in class.

3. They ____________________ (NOT GO) out if they don’t get a babysitter.

4. The manager would have fired him if he ____________________ (HAVE) someone else to replace him.

5. I ____________________ (LIKE) her more if she hadn’t asked such stupid questions.

6. If you ____________________ (NOT KNOCK) they won’t let you in.

7. If I had missed the bus, I ____________________ (TAKE) a taxi.

8. We will visit the sports centre tomorrow unless it ____________________ (RAIN).

9. I would have helped him if I ____________________ (KNOW) that his condition was so bad.

10. He ____________________ (NOT GO) to the course if it were not so interesting.

IV. Give the correct form of the word in bracket.

1. If I were you, I (not buy) _________that camera.

2. Unless you work harder, you (not be)________ able to pass the exam.

3. If it (not)________ rain, we’ll have the party outside.

4. If I (not be)________ here, I’d like to be in London.

5. If I (be)_________ a bird, I would be able to fly.

6. Unless you understand, I (explain)__________ it to you again.

7. You should stay home if it (rain)_________.

8. You’ll burn yourself if you (not be)___________ careful.

9. If anybody (have)_________ question, please ask me after class.

10. If I (become)________ somebody else, I’d like to be the teacher.

V. Make conditional sentences:

1. Keep silent or you’ll wake the baby up.

→If ……………………………………………..…..………

2. Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson.

→ If ………………………………………..….…….

3. I don’t know her number, so I don’t ring her up.

→ If ………………………………………..….……..

4. I don’t know the answer, so I can’t tell you.

→ If …………………………………………….………..

5. We got lost because we didn’t have a map.

→ If …………………………………….……..…….……

ĐÁP ÁN

I. Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không thay đổi

1 – If she lived in London, she would know someone there.

2 – If I had a spare ticket, I could take you to the concert.

3 – If the children hadn’t forgotten to water the seeds, they would have grown.

4 – If they understood the problem, they would find a solution.

5 – If Carol hadn’t been studying, she would have answered the phone.

6 – If Rita had got sleep last night, she wouldn’t have been exhausted today.

7 – If he could park near his office, he could come by car.

8 – If the flats were clearly numbered, it would be easy to find anyone.

9 – If I knew her e-mail adress, I could tell you.

10 – If she didn’t work in the evening, she would have time to play with her children.

11 – If he saw the signal, he could stop his car.

12 – If Peter prepared his lesson well, he would get good marks.

13 – If Mary had enough money, she could buy a new car.

II. Choose the correct answer.

1 – B; 2 – A; 3 – A; 4 – B; 5 – D;

6 – A; 7 – B; 8 – C; 9 – A; 10 – B;

11 – A; 12 – B; 13 – C; 14 – D; 15 – B;

16 – C; 17 – B; 18 – A; 19 – B; 20 – A; 21 – C;

23. What (you / say) _____would you say______ if I offered you a job?

24. The children always (get) _____will always get______ frightened if they watch horror films

25. If it (not be) _____weren’t________ for you, I would be late

26. I can’t help feeling sorry for the hungry children. If only there (be) ___were_______ peace in the world

27. Were I to become president, my first act (be) _____would be_____ to help the poor

28. If he (listen) ______listened_______ to his father’s advice, he would still be working here.

29. If she hadn’t stayed up late last night, she (not / be) _______wouldn’t be_____ tired now.

30. If he (have) ________has_______free time, he will go swimming.

31. Don’t go out if the wind (be) _________is_________ strong.

32. If you (heat) _____heat______ice, it (turn) _______will turn____into water.

III. Fill in the correct form of the verb in brackets !

1. If Anne’s father gets seriously ill, they ____will bring_____ (BRING) him to the hospital.

2. If I __________were__________ (BE) you I would pay more attention in class.

3. They _____won’t go____ (NOT GO) out if they don’t get a babysitter.

4. The manager would have fired him if he _____had had_____ (HAVE) someone else to replace him.

5. I _____would have liked____ (LIKE) her more if she hadn’t asked such stupid questions.

6. If you ___don’t knock_____ (NOT KNOCK) they won’t let you in.

7. If I had missed the bus, I ______would have taken___ (TAKE) a taxi.

8. We will visit the sports centre tomorrow unless it ___rains____ (RAIN).

9. I would have helped him if I ____would have known___ (KNOW) that his condition was so bad.

10. He ____wouldn’t go____ (NOT GO) to the course if it were not so interesting.

IV. Give the correct form of the word in bracket.

1. If I were you, I (not buy) ____wouldn’t buy/ would not buy_____that camera.

2. Unless you work harder, you (not be)___won’t be/ will not be_____ able to pass the exam.

3. If it (not)___is not/ isn’t_____ rain, we’ll have the party outside.

4. If I (not be)___weren’t/ were not_____ here, I’d like to be in London.

5. If I (be)____were_____ a bird, I would be able to fly.

6. Unless you understand, I (explain)____will explain______ it to you again.

7. You should stay home if it (rain)____rains_____.

8. You’ll burn yourself if you (not be)____aren’t/ are not____ careful.

9. If anybody (have)_____has____ question, please ask me after class.

10. If I (become)____became____ somebody else, I’d like to be the teacher.

V. Make conditional sentences:

1. Keep silent or you’ll wake the baby up.

→If ……you don’t keep silent, you will wake the baby up.…..…..………

2. Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson.

→ If ……you don’t stop talking, you won’t understand the lesson…….…….

3. I don’t know her number, so I don’t ring her up.

→ If ……I knew her number, I would ring her up..….……..

4. I don’t know the answer, so I can’t tell you.

→ If ………I knew the answer, I could tell you.…….………..

5. We got lost because we didn’t have a map.

→ If ………we had had a map, we wouldn’t had got lost.…..…….……

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